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The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates there may be 50-100 million dengue infections globally every year, with two-fifths of the world population, or 2.5 billion people, at risk of this mosquito-borne infectious disease. While being infected with dengue is an unpleasant experience – it is also known as break-bone fever – with typical symptoms being fever, headache, rashes, and muscle and joint pains, a healthy person’s immune system usually has no problems fighting the virus off. This extreme form of the illness causes severe bleeding due to “leaky” blood vessels and delay in blood-clotting caused by low levels of platelets, which are essential in forming blood clots. Dengue fever is a viral disease that is spread by the bite of the Aedes  Aegypti mosquito that has been infected. There are four (4) types of viruses that can cause dengue fever (DEN 1, DEN 2, DEN 3 and DEN 4). Infection by one type of virus will provide immunity against the virus types only, if individuals living in dengue infection area, they can be infected more than once in their lifetime.

Transfer of disease:

·         The dengue virus is transferred to humans by the bite of the Aedes mosquito that carries the dengue virus.

·         Mosquitoes are capable of spreading the disease within 8-12 days after infecting human blood (the host).

·         Infected female mosquito of dengue virus can transfer the virus to the next generation through transovarial transfer (via cyst).

·         Humans are still the main host for dengue virus multiples despite studies showing in some parts of the world, monkeys can be infected and be a source of virus for uninfected mosquitoes.

·         The dengue virus from the first host (the first victim) can only infect / transferred to second host within 18 hours before the body temperature rise and at least 3 days after the onset of symptoms.

Complications of dengue fever are:

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever.

Dengue Shock Syndrome.

VACCINATION FOR DENGUE FE and SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Dengue fever may occur on day three (3) to fourteen (14) after being bitten by an infected mosquito, commonly within 4 to 7 days.

• It usually starts with a sudden high fever, severe headache / strong, pain behind the eyes, and muscle and joint pain. Red rash on the skin can also occur.

• The fever may reach temperatures of 40-41 C, and usually continues for two to seven days. It can also cause seizures in children under the age of 6 years. Severe pain in bones, muscles and joints. Dengue fever is also known as "break-bone fever".

• A rash usually appears 3 to 4 days after the onset of fever.

• Vomiting and lack of appetite.

Blood tests are used to aid in the diagnosis of dengue fever. Cell count low platelets (thrombocytopenia) and haematocrit concentrations levels are usually detected. Serological tests offer the most quick and simple to confirm the clinical diagnosis of dengue fever. Virus isolation is the method most reliable diagnosed. However there is no cure for dengue, nor is there any vaccine for it, although there are several research teams currently working on one. Medical management of dengue is purely supportive, with maintenance of the body’s fluid balance being the key objective, whether via oral rehydration therapy, intravenous fluid replacement, or in the worst-case scenario, blood transfusion.

The problem comes when dengue haemorrhagic fever develops. This extreme form of the illness causes severe bleeding due to “leaky” blood vessels and delay in blood-clotting caused by low levels of platelets, which are essential in forming blood clots. The most important thing during dengue patient monitoring is the reading of platelets in the blood of patients. Readings will be taken every day as one of the monitoring process. For dengue patients, blood platelet decreases then the content of healthy people. Platelet-like structures of cells (cell-like structures) of the smallest in the blood and is important in the process of blood clotting and blockage of blood vessels that are damaged. Normal content is between 150,000 to 400,000 platelets per microliter of blood (150-400 x 109 per litre). However the good news is for every disease there is a cure. If there is no cure or vaccine in the medical history, there is definitely cure in traditional way or as we call it home remedies.

Papaya Leaf Juice

This is probably the most well-known alternative treatment for dengue. Several small scientific studies have been carried out in dengue-endemic countries like India and Malaysia, looking into the efficacy of this herbal remedy. The main effect of this juice lies in raising the level of platelets in dengue patients – a critical aspect of this viral infection. Studies conducted by the Institute for Medical Research reported that patients given papaya leaf juice showed a significant rise in their platelet levels 40 hours after first receiving the juice, compared to patients in the control group who were only on standard supportive therapy. The patients in the juice group took the pure fresh juice extracted from 50gm of clean papaya leaves of the sekaki variety once daily for three consecutive days.

Tawa-Tawa

Also known as gatas-gatas or by its scientific name Euphorbia hirta, it is said to increase the platelet levels in dengue patients. Take five whole tawa-tawa plants. Cut off the roots, then wash and clean. Boil tawa-tawa in a pot of clean water. Pour the liquid and then let cool. Sip one glass three to four times a day.

Mangrove Crab Soup

Crab contains a high protein, which can help rebuild blood platelets lost due to the dengue virus. Dengue patients will experience a decrease in platelet syndrome significantly after being infected with the virus and platelets may fall to the minimum level, which is ultimately fatal to the patient. Crab soup will cause platelets of patients to rise sharply and thus cure them with a very fast rate. The effectiveness of treatment with oral therapy crab (cooked as a soup alone) is amazing because of dengue fever patients who drink and eat (fill and gravy) of crab soup bowl (500ml to 1 litre) will experience a sharp increase in platelets in relatively short span of only 5 to 8 hours and the patient will recover 99.9% within the period.

The main method of controlling this disease is via prevention; for example, ensuring that there is no stagnant water or any container where water can pool in around, fogging, using mosquito nets and repellent, and covering up or staying indoors at dawn and dusk when the Aedes mosquitoes are most active.